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PTFE is a fluoropolymer with high performance and numerous properties, thanks to which it is chosen for a wide variety of industrial applications.
Although it is classified as a thermoplastic resin, PTFE does not melt or soften in the same way as other fluorothermoplastics and therefore cannot be processed by the classic production methods used in the plastics industry.
Above its melting point (327°C), the material has a high viscosity and specific techniques and equipment are therefore required to achieve its processing.
The paste extrusion process of PTFE comprises three main steps:

• The cold compression of the raw material;
• The sintering;
• The progressive cooling.

The strength of the carbon-fluorine bond and the high molecular weight give PTFE a number of exceptional properties:

• Excellent heat resistance allows it to be used in continuous service from – 200°C to + 260°C;
• Almost total inertness to chemicals, with the exception of alkaline metals in their elemental state (molten or in solution), fluorine and some of its derivatives;
• Coefficient of friction, static or dynamic, is among the lowest of solid materials;
• Self-lubricating and non-stick;
• Non-flammable;
• Excellent electrical properties (independent of frequency and temperature);
• Good mechanical properties (excellent tensile strength at both low and high temperatures; good fatigue and impact resistance);
• Total resistance to ageing, humidity and UV radiation;
• Non-toxic and suitable for food contact.

PFA is a fully fluorinated fluorothermoplastic resin with a high degree of purity.

It is transparent in appearance and has a stronger molecular structure than PTFE, so it can be used to meet more stringent requirements.

The aspects where PFA excels over PTFE are low absorption and permeation.

The properties of PFA include:

• Wide range of application temperatures, in fact it has excellent heat resistance allowing it to be used in continuous service from – 200°C to + 260°C;
• Almost total inertness to chemicals, with the exception of alkali metals in their elemental state (molten or in solution), fluorine and some of its derivatives;
• Coefficient of friction, static or dynamic, is among the lowest of solid materials;
• Excellent electrical insulation;
• Completely non-stick;
• Non-flammable;
• Total resistance to ageing, humidity and UV rays;
• Non-toxic and suitable for food contact.

FEP is a fully fluorinated fluorothermoplastic resin

Products made from FEP have a transparent appearance, good chemical-physical properties, absorption and permeation are lower than those of PTFE.

The molecular structure and properties of FEP allow it to have excellent characteristics such as:

• Use temperatures from -60°C to +205°C.
• Almost total inertness to chemicals, with the exception of alkaline metals in their elemental state (molten or in solution), fluorine and some of its derivatives.
• The coefficient of friction, static or dynamic, is among the lowest of solid materials;
• Excellent electrical insulation;
• Completely non-stick;
• Non-flammable;
• Total resistance to ageing, humidity and UV rays;
• Non-toxic and suitable for food contact.